And then there were three? Vodafone/H3G merger

Mobile service revenue growth rose to its highest level in over ten years (+4.5%) as a result of the operators’ higher-than-inflation price rises.

BT/EE fared best with broadly-applied, sizeable increases and robust churn while H3G’s more modest increases and later timing led to just a minor pickup in its service revenue growth—in spite of continued strong performance on the subscriber side.

There are some early signs of an increase in consumer bargain-hunting and some payment challenges, with B2B robust for now but with an increasingly rocky outlook.

Growth is crucial for Vodafone’s leverage but remains elusive and the company’s ambition to grow European revenues this year looks challenging

Exacerbating revenue pressure in Germany and the loss of the VMO2 MVNO will weigh heavily in H2 and cost inflation will eat into any margin gains

Deal-making is not yet materialising with considerable question marks remaining over regulatory approval for mobile consolidation, a necessarily more open mind on action on Vantage, and plans to shift fibre investment off balance sheet. Vodafone promises more concrete developments with H1 results

H3G’s change of tack over the past couple of years appears to be paying off in terms of customer momentum, but the revenue impact is more questionable and it has undoubtedly proven expensive.

Renewed network investment and a reinvigorated brand will help it to gain traction in new market segments but, even with strong execution, the scale gap looks unlikely to be bridged in a timescale acceptable to its backers.

Regulatory appetite for consolidation appears to be low, with policymakers prioritising number of players over network quality. It may be time for network quality to move up the policy agenda.