Service revenue growth remained firmly negative at -1.0% in spite of inflation of +2.1%, as competition remains intense and pricing power weak.
Operators are guiding to a 2025 EBITDA performance that is broadly in-line with, or weaker than, their 2024 performance, with SFR choosing to abstain from guidance this year.
In-market consolidation cries are getting louder, with France, Italy and Germany the most obvious candidates.
Most regulations within the TAR26 condoc were continuations of the previous pro-investment regulations, albeit with little progress made on copper withdrawal, no extra help for the struggling altnets and a number of unexpected twists at the margin.
Within the detail, the most significant hit is the return of cost-based price controls to some leased line charges, and across all of the proposed changes, Openreach has on balance fared worse than retail ISPs, albeit at a scale that is manageable within the BT Group.
Ofcom showed no inclination to offer any extra help to the struggling altnet industry, regarding its inefficiencies as being its own (and its investors’) problem, with consolidation the only sensible path forward for most.
Podcast reach and share continue to grow, albeit slowly, aided by need-state differentiation and increasingly online, on-demand media habits.
The ad market remains small with the long tail of podcasts difficult to monetise, but an industry move into video—on both YouTube and Spotify—offers substantial reach and monetisation opportunities.
Publishers and broadcasters see podcasts as an essential brand extension enabling greater reach, whilst successful podcast networks have tapped into more relaxed, commercial formats.
ITV saw advertising revenue growth in 2024 (+2% to £1.8 billion), aided by the Euros. This balanced some of Studios’ 6% decline (to £2.0 billion), however, total external revenues were down 4% (£3.5 billion)
Despite the revenue drop, profits improved, with group adjusted EBITA increasing 11% to £542 million. This was aided by a unique set of circumstances which drove Studios’ profit to a record high with cross-company cost-cutting showing its benefit
ITV is making strides in its transition to digital but even though the revenue story is largely positive, the company continues to leak engagement and viewing share
Geopolitical clashes between the US and Europe were a barely concealed undercurrent at this year’s MWC, with European tech regulation at odds with US moves, and telcos pitching for regulatory favours on firmer ground than they have had for years.
Perhaps the largest impact is on the satellite industry, with Eutelsat OneWeb having been given a new lease of life as the EU champion versus a now disfavoured SpaceX/Starlink.
AI was of course the talk of the town, but largely in ways that are tangential at best to traditional telcos, with the necessary building blocks for telcos to play a big role (i.e. network APIs) still needing much work.
The ‘big 4’ ISPs’ combined revenue remained in decline in Q4 2024 at -0.4%, partly due to a BT accounting quirk but mainly due to altnets gaining share
ARPU growth of 2% is roughly compensating for subscriber declines of 2%, but this ARPU growth is likely to weaken in 2025 as various boosts drop out
A recovery will come as the altnets slow in H2 2025 (if not before) due to their restrained expansion, which cannot come soon enough for the big ISPs
CityFibre has reported positive EBITDA in 2024, albeit at a slim 4% margin, and still needs further scale—and to successfully onboard its new wholesale customer Sky—to drive decent investment returns.
CityFibre’s organic build rate is dropping sharply as it (sensibly) looks set to rely on consolidation to achieve the required scale, with its organic build focused on Project Gigabit areas.
CityFibre remains well-positioned for consolidation, but this may take some time yet, with the altnet sector set to slow organic progress anyway in the interim.
Broadcaster reach and viewing fell in 2024, but the decline slowed as BVOD growth increasingly makes up for linear decline and the BBC’s viewing grew year-on-year.
SVOD penetration and engagement returned to (slight) growth in 2024 and video-sharing platforms are increasing their share of TV set viewing.
Broadcasters still offer a wider array of programming than SVODs, but they are expanding their offering, as is YouTube.
BT had a solid-but-mixed Q3, with revenue growth slightly weaker than expected, EBITDA growth slightly stronger, and subscriber net adds a touch weak across broadband, mobile and Openreach
The outlook is buoyed by a likely altnet slowdown at some point in FY26, with this set to help subscriber numbers at Consumer/Openreach and pricing at Consumer
The main cloud is the potential effect of a merged Vodafone-Three challenging BT/EE for best network and boosting MVNOs, a challenge we feel is real but manageable for BT
The mid-sized UK altnets Zzoomm and FullFibre have agreed to merge, in what looks like an all-share merger of (nearly) equals, both of whom have been struggling to raise finance.
Why did they pick each other rather than the larger CityFibre/Netomnia/nexfibre options? Valuation may have been the key factor, but it has left them still vulnerably low scale with further consolidation necessary.
Much more consolidation is required for the sector to be sustainable in our view, and further financial distress may be required for realistic valuations to emerge.