The General Election in May 2015 looks to be one of the most unpredictable in living memory. A hung parliament seems the most likely outcome, but the likely government after May is still unclear. Whereas in previous elections there were at most three swings that mattered, between the Lib Dems, Labour and the Conservatives, in this one there are arguably 10 or 11. There has been a huge increase in complexity, which, along with the virtually neck-and-neck polls, is what makes the outcome so much harder to predict.

In this report, we describe the context of this election, analyse the prospects for each party, and illustrate three possible outcomes of the election, detailing what would be necessary for each of them to occur, and what sort of government each of them would lead to.

Ofcom released its third review of public service broadcasting on 15 December, focusing on "Public Service Content in a Connected Society". Enders Analysis assessed how online media services contributed to the provision of public service content over the course of the review period (2008-2013). This report represents a summary and key themes of our findings.

Relevant media content is now available over the internet from a huge number of sources. As well as affecting how media content is distributed and consumed, the internet is changing the nature of content available and funding models.

In a few genres, the internet is now ahead of traditional broadcasting, notably those in which interactivity is a major enhancement, such as music and education. In news and current affairs, online services often match television’s output, arguably providing more breadth and depth, though accuracy and impartiality are less assured.

As part of Ofcom’s third review of public service broadcasting, Enders Analysis produced 12 case studies of online media services, examining how they contribute to the public service objectives. The full report and all case studies are available on the Ofcom website.

Here we present three of those case studies: BuzzFeed, Vice, and the phenomenon of YouTube ‘vloggers’ producing content for young people. These represent sources of innovative content unlike that found in traditional media.

The online services we assess attract younger audiences than traditional media, and also have a more flexible approach to monetising those audiences, relying on sponsorship, creative solutions and even events and book deals to capitalise on their brands.

UK mobile service revenue growth stayed positive in Q3 2014, albeit at a slightly lower level than last quarter, an achievement given performance in recent years, but a slight disappointment given the previous improving trend. Pricing trends were a little worrying, but data volumes continue to accelerate markedly

With Phones 4U ceasing to trade towards the end of the quarter, Q4’s subscriber shares will be largely determined by where its prior customers end up. With these representing 13% of market gross adds which implies 65% of net adds, the impact is significant

Merger talks underway with the parents of O2/EE and BT, with H3G reportedly getting involved, will have an impact whether they lead to a deal or not; if either EE or O2 (or both) remain independent within the UK, they will likely need reinvigorating and re-motivating as to their raison d’etre or risk drifting without a clear direction

Market revenue growth in the UK residential communications sector dipped down to 4.5% in Q3, from 5.4% in the previous quarter, but underlying revenue growth actually rose a touch by our estimates. In an intensely competitive quarter, BT lost ground relatively in broadband, with its net adds dropping compared to growth at the others, but BT still had the highest net adds in absolute terms, and continued to lead the way in revenue growth

With BT’s mooted bid for a mobile operator and quad play moves being highlighted by several operators, in this report we re-examine the evidence for consumer demand for quad play and find it still wanting. In the UK since 2001 there have been eight attempts at cross-selling between fixed and mobile, with five outright failures (three of which were from BT), two attempts that lost market share after an acquisition but are now growing modestly, and one attempt which has successfully gained modest share

The UK fixed business has better growth and far better margins than the mobile business. BT alone makes more cashflow in the UK than the entire mobile industry put together – the grass may always seem greener on the other side, but in this case it definitely is greener in fixed. The fixed operators have far more to lose than to gain, and for this reason alone they should perhaps be wary in their approach to quad play

The shift to mobile continues, with the smartphone replacing the laptop as the device with the most users, although the rate of tablet adoption has slowed somewhat.

This shift will change the online revenue mix, with mobile being better suited to content, native and video advertising than traditional display and search. Mobile devices also now account for the majority of visits to retail sites, and more than a third of spend online.

We see large age-based differences across all internet activities, but the split is particularly significant for smartphone adoption and usage, with only a quarter of over-55s using smartphones, and only a third of those reporting downloading apps.

TalkTalk had a solid quarter for net adds, helped by churn being held well under control, with broadband perking up, TV dipping down as pre-warned, and fibre and mobile both significantly accelerating

Revenue and ARPU growth accelerated, although not by as much as might have been expected given the timing of price rises, with the lower priced SimplyBroadband product likely still driving significant ARPU dilution

The company disappointed the financial markets with a warning of higher SACs in H2, and its medium term EBITDA margin target remains challenging, but continued revenue growth and margin expansion are nonetheless likely

Vodafone Europe enjoyed a sharp improvement in mobile service revenue growth in its Q2, with the decline reduced to 5% from 8% the previous quarter

Part of this was due to a reduced regulatory impact, part was due to one-off factors, but underlying improvements are still clear across all major markets, with price declines attenuating and a significant improvement in competitive performance

In the short term the partial stabilisation of pricing is perhaps the result of a fairly fragile equilibrium which could shatter at any time, but Vodafone’s aggressive network investment and surging data volumes give confidence in a sturdier recovery going forward

Virgin Media had its best subscriber net adds for years in Q3, despite slowing market growth and intense competition from the DSL operators

Underlying cable revenue growth also remained solid at around 4.5%, business and mobile continued to perform well, and underlying OCF growth was stable at 6%

As the market moves to high speed broadband, Virgin Media is benefitting above all others, and this long gradual shift is still in its early stages

The Sky Deutschland platform, which will fall under BSkyB’s control by mid-November, continues to post strong subscriber growth, thanks to steady gross additions and declining churn

However, average revenue per user remains flat year-on-year, and declined sequentially for the first time in over four years, raising questions about Sky’s capacity to sustain the recent pace of total revenue growth

On current trends, cash flow break-even will not happen before the last quarter of calendar 2016, months before the possible price hike from a new domestic football rights auction. Meanwhile, deployment of Sky’s connected TV services appears to be keeping OTT competitors at bay