Despite the success and popularity of Amazon’s Echo, the rationale for this device in Amazon’s ecosystem has been unclear—until now.

The introduction of Alexa+ to Echo devices—enhanced with generative AI which improves its voice user-interface—aims to change this.

Alexa+ is designed to increase Prime lock-in, and enables Amazon to differentiate its devices and operating systems.

US big tech companies are deploying hundreds of billions of dollars to remake the global economy in their image, as enviable growth contrasts with layoffs and low morale.

The cost of using AI models will fall in 2025 and make more AI applications possible. Regulation is caught between pressure from Trump and investigations that must go on, such as digital markets.

Microsoft and Google have tied their fortunes to AI. Amazon and Meta stand to realise business gains from AI, while Apple is the outlier: capex declined in 2024 as it focuses on iPhone and services.

Use of publisher content to train AI models is hotly contested. Unacknowledged scraping, licensing deals, and lawsuits all characterise the publisher-AI company relationship.

However, model training is not the whole story. More and more products rely on up-to-date access to content, and some are direct competitors to publisher offerings.

Publishers can’t depend on copyright to deliver them the value of their IP. They need to track which products are catching on with users for licensing deals to make sense for them, and to ensure their own products keep up with the competition.

From the depths of 2023, advertising expenditure on legacy media rose moderately in 2024, on the back of an uptick in real private consumer expenditure thanks to lower inflation and reduced costs of credit—the outlook for legacy media is about the same for 2025.

Online stands apart from legacy media due to the growth of ecommerce—driven by both goods (over 26% of retail sales) and services such as travel, as well as intense competition among platforms (Amazon, Shein, Temu)—with double-digit growth in 2024 set to continue in 2025.

Television remains the most effective medium for brand advertisers—despite the decline in viewing—with broadcasters’ digital innovation and SVOD ad tiers providing greater targeting alongside the mass broadcast reach.

President Trump will likely impose much higher tariffs on most imported goods, which could ignite retaliation by major trading partners and reverse decades of post-war globalisation.

America's biggest tech brands are vulnerable: we assess $570 billion of exposure to sales in China and the Chinese supply chain for six large companies generating over $2 trillion in revenue. 

Apple and Tesla are major investors in China to supply that market, and demand for their products could be blown off course by a wave of anti-US sentiment.   

Big tech capex is set to jump over 50% in 2024, fueling the current AI boom, and supporting the training and deployment of the next-generation of frontier models slated for release over the next 2-4 months

If these frontier models can deliver greater capabilities, and the returns to match, it will intensify the race to scale up capex even further to train ever more powerful models on ever larger clusters of chips

If returns do not flow to the frontier, then models become commoditised, with all of big tech able to capitalise on their application layer dominance. If they do, then outcomes are uneven and uncertain with the core cloud players racing for dominance and leaving the others behind

Amazon is challenging online bargain competitors head on by launching its own direct-from-China sales channel, in a strategic reversal that aims to expand its audiences and competitiveness by segmenting product sales

Direct-from-China removes the competitive advantages of Amazon fulfilment and Prime to create a two-tiered Amazon for ultra-low-cost goods, making core fulfilment more efficient and providing advertising opportunities                        

The new product aims to grow Amazon's reach and relevance to non-Prime audiences, adding value across the Amazon ecosystem: offering efficiency for sellers and lower prices for consumers

Retail media, a ‘new’ form of advertising, is growing the overall advertising market with a highly personalisable and attributable offering, as other targeting mechanisms are threatened by the deprecation of third-party cookies.

Omnichannel retailers are ramping up third-party ad sales to boost margins, alongside less visible but significant growth opportunities for sales of first-party customer data for ad targeting elsewhere.

Long led by Amazon in the UK, the retail media is now shifting the broader advertising ecosystem: competition and innovation are rising as retailers seize growth opportunities, with incumbents threatened by disintermediation.

On 4 June 2024, Enders Analysis co-hosted the annual Media and Telecoms 2024 & Beyond Conference with Deloitte, sponsored by Barclays, Salesforce, Financial Times, and Adobe.

With over 580 attendees and over 40 speakers from the TMT sector, including leading executives and industry experts, the conference focused on how new technologies, regulation, and infrastructure will impact the future of the industry.

This is the edited transcript of Session Two, covering: Sky’s strategy; audience engagement with sport; the role of AI in journalism; and Amazon’s UK business and philanthropy. Videos of the presentations are available on the conference website.

Streaming profitability beckons, but owes much to the profitable services folded into companies’ DTC segments alongside the headline streamers.

There is a broader move towards bundling and price rises. The former bolsters subscriber additions and lifetime value but is ARPU-dilutive, while price rises will bump up both ARPU and churn.

2024 marks the first year with multiple players at scale in the ad space, as Prime Video entered the market. Other streamers with high CPMs and lower scale may be forced to re-examine their offerings.