Year-on-year increases of 4% in total revenues, 13% in EBITA before exceptional items and positive net cash for the first time in seven years sees ITV much more strongly placed to handle future challenges post digital switchover

ITV continued to outperform the market by raising its share of TV NAR, whilst the early signs of revival in its content production business were particularly encouraging

Online still poses ITV the toughest challenges with regard to providing it with significant new revenue streams despite strong improvements in the audience metrics – an issue familiar to many

TiVo is central to Virgin Media’s strategy for building value in its cable platform, offering next generation applications and software search, recommendations and navigation instruments

The challenge of deploying TiVo across the entire VMed base within five years for a monthly charge of £5 (as of April 2012) is considerable, but promises several other financial benefits besides subscription income

VMed appears uniquely well placed among UK platform operators to develop innovative solutions, while early evidence suggesting that TiVo is affecting viewing habits significantly encourages belief that the ambitious management target can be achieved

VMed’s Q4 results were again mixed, with underlying cash flow growth hit by high capital expenditure primarily relating to accelerating TiVo box installations

But this strong take up of next generation TV, and real progress at the Mobile and Business divisions, give us confidence that the company’s strategy is working

Management guidance of further cash flow growth from the second half of 2012 is credible, though we continue to expect underlying growth to be limited

Sky’s 16% year-on-year increase in interim profits reflects strong operating efficiencies and reduced marketing costs due to the slowdown of TV gross additions in a tough economic climate, while continuing low churn underlines its product strengths

Fibre broadband deployment and the January launch of streaming-only services by Lovefilm and Netflix signal increasingly competitive conditions, but Sky is well placed and the challenges should take several years to materialise

Sky management is fully aware of the need for its pay-TV business model to evolve in the age of digital convergence, where innovation and building value are prerequisites of success, and is actively addressing the issues

With the economy drifting sideways, we have set our centre case forecasts at 0-1% average annual growth in TV NAR and assigned a low probability to a repeat of the hyper-cyclical downturn of 2008/9

Comparative international data show a pervasive long term weakness in display advertising trends across the developed world, while emerging markets in Asia, Latin America and Central/Eastern Europe take an increasing share of global budgets

With digital switchover near completion, channel viewing shares across the main commercial groups should stabilise, but internet advertising, especially online video, will exert a negative structural downward pressure on TV NAR over the next three years at least

Qatar’s Al Jazeera will launch its French pay-TV channel by this summer, showing weekly Ligue 1 and Champions League games, but it has yet to disclose a business plan and distribution deals

The new channel is a complement to Canal+, which broadcasts the most attractive games. Al Jazeera would need to obtain distribution on the Canal+ platform

Even if such a deal were to be struck, Al Jazeera would struggle to break even

The launch of Netflix in the UK and Ireland has ignited the debate on the threat from over-the-top video to pay-TV services from Sky, Virgin Media and BT

Unlike in the US, Netflix’s UK prospects and those of competitors such as Lovefilm, are fundamentally limited, given the availability of low priced pay-TV with strong on-demand components included for free

The impact of Netflix on the UK pay-TV industry is therefore likely to be even smaller than the (hard to discern) effect it has had in the US

As Phase 1 digital shift from broadcast analogue to digital nears completion, individual platform growth trends have almost flattened out

The most likely area of change in platform trends over the next ten years concerns basic only subscription pay-TV, where we anticipate an overall increase in the total pay-TV base and change in platform balance arising from the introduction of low price basic packages

Phase 2 digital convergence between TV and the internet promises to take many years to reach maturity, and many questions need to be addressed in order to be able to assess its potential impact on the current broadcast TV marketplace over the next ten years.

The spectacular growth of Netflix in the US has underlined the potential of online streaming subscription services offering films and other premium entertainment

As Netflix plans to enter the UK and Ireland in Q1 2012, its core US operations are in a critical phase of extremely rapid adoption, rising competition and escalating content costs, the successful outcome of which appears crucial to the international expansion of online streaming

The UK and Ireland possess features that make them an attractive first move into Europe; however, the competitive stakes are higher, while broadband download limits and traffic management present an added challenge – time will tell whether the UK and Ireland can sustain Netflix alongside LoveFilm and any other subscription online streamers

Q3 results were contradictory, with accelerating demand for enhanced services and resilient revenue, but high churn and weak growth in fundamental cash flow

Cost increases struck us as justifiable in the longer term and were in some cases temporary. We share management’s confidence that there is better news to come, particularly at Virgin Media Business

Nonetheless, we remain of the view that future cash flow growth is likely to be significantly lower than that seen over the past two years, particularly given the deteriorating economic outlook